Corticosteroid drugs are used to reduce inflammation, usually as a result of an injury. They work by blocking a chemical in the body called prostaglandin that causes inflammation.

The use of corticosteroids is viewed with some controversy. While it is generally accepted that corticosteroid drugs are very helpful in treating inflammation and preventing scar formation, they may weaken body tissue and leave muscles, tendons and ligaments vulnerable to tears or ruptures.

For the treatment of sports injuries, corticosteroids are usually administered by injection (cortisone injections). The injection should be given in the area around the muscle or tendon, not directly into it as this may cause weakening and further injury. The area may be painful for up to 48 hours after the injection and your doctor may recommend that you avoid sports for between one and two weeks after treatment. Your doctor may also prescribe pain relief drugs during this period.

Although corticosteroid drugs are not completely banned in competitive sports, their use is restricted to local, rather than general, use. Sports organisations have banned the use of corticosteroids if they are taken by mouth, but local injection is allowed with the prior written notice of a doctor.