Acoustic Neuroma

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Acoustic Neuroma
Introduction
An acoustic neuroma is a rare, benign (non-cancerous) growth, that affects the nerve that carries hearing and balance information from the ear to the brain (the vestibulocochlear nerve).  It usually affects one side of the head only.

Acoustic neuromas usually grow very slowly.  As the growth gets bigger it presses against the brain and can cause brain and nerve damage.  If left untreated it can be life threatening.

However, if detected early the growth can be successfully removed by surgery.

Acoustic neuromas are most common in people between the ages of 40 and 60.

Causes

The cause of most acoustic neuromas is unknown.

However, a rare, inherited condition called neurofibromatosis can cause acoustic neuromas to grow in the sheaths that surround the acoustic nerves on both sides of the head.
Treatment

Treatment options will depend on the age and general health of the person, as well as the size of the acoustic neuroma and how fast it is growing. If the growth is very small and growing very slowly, a ‘wait and see’ approach may be taken.

Since acoustic neuromas produce symptoms by putting pressure on surrounding nerves, regular observation and MRI scanning will help to monitor the symptoms and growth rate.

Treatment for an acoustic neuroma usually involves the removal of the growth by surgery. Many of the symptoms disappear after the growth has been removed, especially if it was small.

If the growth is large, then it may have caused more damage and this sometimes results in some loss of hearing in the affected ear.  Sometimes damage to the facial nerve can lead to permanent facial numbness.

Some specialists may suggest radiation treatment for those patients unwilling or unable to undergo surgery.  This halts the growth of the acoustic neuroma, usually resulting in shrinkage of the growth with time.

Even when a growth has been removed, there is a very small chance of recurrence.  Therefore, follow-up MRI scans should be performed regularly.

 

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