Abscess - Swelling in the Body

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Abscess
Introduction
An abscess is a swelling in the body containing pus and surrounded by inflamed or dying tissue. A boil is a common example of an abscess in the skin, but abscesses can occur in almost any part of the body.

Pus is mainly a collection of millions of cells from your immune system that have arrived to try to deal with an infection, but have been only partly successful and have been killed in the effort. Pus also contains many germs and the dead body cells that they have killed.

Causes

An abscess is caused by infection. When a local collection of germs (a colony) gets large enough, it causes some body cells to be killed.

Other body cells called fibroblasts then form a barrier of dense fibrous tissue around the germs and the dead cells. This barrier prevents blood from getting in, so the centre of the mass has no blood supply. However, germs can survive within an abscess.

Treatment

An abscess often contains large numbers of live germs.  However, antibiotics are useless in the treatment of a well-established abscess because they can’t reach the contents.

Antibiotics reach their target by way of the blood, but a walled-off abscess has no blood supply. Antibiotics can certainly help in the very early stages before the abscess wall is fully formed; but once the wall is there, antibiotics will do nothing to help.

The treatment of an established abscess is to open it surgically and let the pus out. It may be necessary to keep the opening from healing over. This is done by leaving in a tube or a strip of rubber called a drain.

Once an abscess is effectively drained, it will usually heal. It may, however, be necessary to remove the abscess wall.

Sometimes an abscess forms its own drainage track to the surface. Called a sinus, this tends to be permanent unless both the abscess and the track are removed surgically.

 

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